We focus on genes that have been lost, changed in structure or expanded in the last few million years of bonobo evolution. We compare the bonobo genome to those of other great apes 1, 3, 4, 5 and identify more than 5,569 fixed structural variants that specifically distinguish the bonobo and chimpanzee lineages. We generate a bonobo genome assembly in which more than 98% of genes are completely annotated and 99% of the gaps are closed, including the resolution of about half of the segmental duplications and almost all of the full-length mobile elements. Here we describe a fully annotated, high-quality bonobo genome assembly, which was constructed without guidance from reference genomes by applying a multiplatform genomics approach. The divergence of chimpanzee and bonobo provides one of the few examples of recent hominid speciation 1, 2. Nature volume 594, pages 77–81 ( 2021) Cite this article A high-quality bonobo genome refines the analysis of hominid evolution
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